光伏(PV)板, 或者通常被称为太阳能电池板, 目前产生的电力约占世界的3%. 太阳能是一种可再生的绿色能源, so it is important that the end-of-life disposal of the solar panels does not affect its popularity as a green technology. Much of the current global infrastructure has been installed over the past two to three decades. 到2030年, 其中一些面板将达到寿命终止(EOL)状态, 剩下大约800万吨的材料需要处理. 科学家估计，到2050年，这一数字将增加10倍. At that point, spent PV materials will account for 10 percent of all electronic waste. (伙计们，我不想告诉你们，但没有一项技术是完全无害的. 可持续性 is about using technology that causes the least amount of damage. 在这方面，太阳能和风能仍然比化石燃料更清洁.)
The good news is that nearly 太阳能电池板重量的80%由铝和玻璃组成, 两者都很容易回收. 坏消息是，分离玻璃杯很复杂, 剩下的20%的材料很难回收.
By 2024, 2.美国所有家庭中有5%.S. 会有太阳能装置. 新住宅在最初的建筑计划中安装光伏. 大型太阳能农场正在为电网提供电力. 面板用于提供电源计算机, 移动电话, 家用设备, 汽车, 卡车和电源设备管理. Installations vary in size from a couple of panels on residential home to a complete commercial solar farm, 占地数英亩. ERIhga皇冠注册是围绕安全恢复设计的, 光伏设备运输及加工, 或太阳能电池板.
在接下来的三十年里, the world will accumulate roughly $15 billion worth of recoverable materials from EOL solar panels—enough to make 2 billion new modules that total more than 600 GW of generating capacity.
ERI能够安全地回收以下PV设备:
光伏组件(单晶或多晶、瓦式等.)
逆变器或微型逆变器
货架设备或跟踪器
回收太阳能电池板可以分为三个基本步骤:
拆卸框架和接线盒(机械过程)
Separate the 玻璃 from the 硅 wafer (a thermal, mechanical or chemical process)
Separate and purify the 硅 and various metals (a chemical and electrical process)
大宗商品
玻璃
塑料
金属
硅
事实
太阳能电池板重量的80%由铝和玻璃组成, 两者都很容易回收.
在接下来的三十年里, the world will accumulate roughly $15 billion worth of recoverable materials from EOL solar panels.
能源.gov reports that around 173,000 terawatts of solar power constantly reach the earth.
光伏组件组件(图片由NREL提供)
Project end-of-life management services are designed for the recovery and handling of equipment and for the removal and recovery or large installation units. Our teams, from logistics through to processing, are specially trained to handle solar panels.
Solar panel disposal must be more than throwing old PV modules, inverters, and wires into the trash. 太阳能电池板包含的物品可以重复使用，并变成新的东西. The best solar recycling program starts by understanding how solar panels are made.
当太阳能电池板被回收时会发生什么?
太阳能电池板回收需要小心处理这些不同的组件. 玻璃, 硅, metal, and 塑料 need to be separated and reused as much as possible. The entire process takes time and expertise because there are different steps to prevent contamination and safely dismantle the panel into raw components.
不管你用的是哪种太阳能组件, 玻璃是最大的组成部分，其次是塑料, 铝, 硅, 和其他金属. The 铝 frame is separated from the 硅 module before it heads to be melted down and reused. 玻璃可以熔化并重新使用来制作新的玻璃制品. 在此之前，硅必须被移除.
一旦硅被移除, 玻璃, 塑料, 其他的组件被分解, 根据需要分开, 并发送给使用它们来制造新产品的公司. 这样就保留了所有的金属, 塑料, and 玻璃 out of a landfill where it would sit for centuries without deteriorating.
Whether you’re a homeowner with a photovoltaic solar panel array that is reaching end-of-life, or you’re a manufacturer who is looking at the best practices for recycling 硅 solar panels, ERI随时准备帮助您满足您的回收需求.
太阳能电池板是如何制造的?
Solar panels look simple as they are just 玻璃, metal, and photovoltaic (PV) 硅 cells. 虽然这看起来很容易回收，但它相当复杂. 这里是不同的组成部分.
硅电池的三种主要类型
所有 solar panels start as 玻璃 or plexi玻璃 panels covered with the cells used to capture the power of the sun. 那个面板上涂有导电的非晶材料, 单晶, 或者多晶硅电池将阳光转化为电能. Those cells are also treated with boron and phosphorus to make sure one side of the cell has more electrons than the other. 硅电池和光伏组件的类型有什么区别?
Amorphous – Amorphous 硅 cells create PV modules that are flexible and can be easily bent and shaped. That makes them easy to attach to almost any surface including metals like 铝.
Monocrystalline – Monocrystalline cells are formed into a large block that is cut into wafers and affixed onto the entire panel at once, 光伏组件是由谁制造的. 这些电池制造出最高效的太阳能电池板.
Polycrystalline – Polycrystalline 硅 cells are melted and fused to the panels to form the PV module.
光伏模块创建太阳能阵列
PV modules are then wired and added into an 铝 frame to finish the solar panel. 那个面板连接到一个支架或吊架上. 这是其中之一. 一个人不会在住宅或企业中提供太多电力. 需要多个面板.
当你在屋顶或场地添加多个面板时, the PV array is created to capture the sun and start converting it to electricity. 有时, micro-inverters and power optimizers are added to ensure problem-free operation if one of the panels is covered in snow or ice or being shaded while others are in full sun.
一旦阳光转化为电能, the energy travels to the metal casing and wiring where it’s sent to the inverter. 逆变器的作用是将直流电变为交流电. From there, it powers things in the home or is sent on to the area power company’s grid.
Solar is one of the cheapest sources of energy as the sun is abundant in all corners of the globe. 能源.gov reports that around 173,000 terawatts of solar power constantly reach the earth. 短短90分钟, enough sunlight reaches the earth to power every home and business in the world for a full year.
第一个太阳能电池建于20世纪50年代. 从那以后，太阳能产业蓬勃发展. 最近, homes across the globe are installing solar panels in yards and on rooftops to help power appliances, 电子设备, 以及遍布全国的能源网络. 从家庭安装到大型太阳能农场，太阳能正在起飞.
有一个问题刚刚开始引起人们的注意. 据估计，到2050年，中国和美国.S. 将拥有最多的报废太阳能电池板. Perhaps more worrisome are reports that PV modules will account for more than 10% of electronic waste within the next 30 years.
此时，回收利用是唯一的选择. It’s also a newer process for many recycling facilities and residential solar installers. 这就引出了一个大问题，“太阳能回收是如何工作的??”
Whether you’re a homeowner with a photovoltaic solar panel array that is reaching end-of-life, or you’re a manufacturer who is looking at the best practices for recycling 硅 solar panels, ERI随时准备帮助您满足您的回收需求.
